Abstract: The production quality of printed circuit boards (PCBs) is critical to ensure that electronic products work properly. Images acquired in complex environments with image uncertainties such as ...

Ministry of Testing is where software testing and quality engineering professionals grow their careers. Reach new heights ...

Abstract: Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are a nearly ubiquitous component of every kind of electronic device. With the rapid development of integrated circuit and semiconductor technology, the size of ...