Skin, our largest organ, acts as a protective barrier against pathogens that try to invade our bodies while constantly ...

Over the last two decades, scientific attention has increasingly shifted toward understanding how cellular energy system ...

In some mammals, the timing of the normally continuous embryonic development can be altered to improve the chances of survival for both the embryo and the mother. This mechanism to temporarily slow ...

Dendritic cells (DCs) are among the first immune sentinels to detect viruses, bacteria, or other challenges. These specialized messengers alert T cells while orchestrating either a measured calm or a ...

The vitamin B2 (riboflavin) must be absorbed through diet: it can be found in dairy products, eggs, meat, and green vegetables. The body’s metabolism converts vitamin B2 into molecules that protect ...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, often debilitating autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS).

Photoreceptors are specialized cells in the eye that convert light energy into neural signals. Several diseases that cause irreversible vision loss, including age-related macular degeneration, ...

Every multicellular organism, from tiny worms to humans, elephants, and whales, needs a way for their cells to connect with ...

BCMA CAR T approvals (ide-cel 2021; cilta-cel 2022) deliver near-98% response in trials but require specialized centers, creating logistical constraints on access. Across >9 million UC patients, ...